This is a photograph I took of a neuron which has been differentiated from an embryonic carcinoma cell (P19 cell line), using retinoic acid.
submission from michellethebelle
This is a photograph I took of a neuron which has been differentiated from an embryonic carcinoma cell (P19 cell line), using retinoic acid.
submission from michellethebelle
Betz cells, a type of pyramidal cell neurons located in the grey matter of the brain, are the largest neurons in the central nervous system, sometimes reaching 100μm in diameter.
purkinje cells (some of the largest neurons in the human brain—the largest are coming up soon)
So this is an amazing thing we talked about in bio the other day. It’s a method called Brainbow. It’s really hard to track neurons when they can get so long and tangly, as you can see in this light microscopy of a mouse hippocampus, so scientists can mark each neuron with a different color of fluorescence via transgenes that produce fluorescent proteins. What a brilliant solution!
The multicolored neurons sit in the cerebral cortex, which is involved in higher thought processes and sensory perception. To create a unique color in each neuron, Lichtman did some clever genetic tinkering: He inserted the genes for different-colored fluorescent proteins into the mouse’s genome so that each neuron would randomly express a combination of the genes. It ends up being a game of chance: Each neuron is essentially pulling the lever on a “molecular slot machine,” says team member Jean Livet, receiving a random combination of the genes that endow it with one of 90 possible colors.